THE BODY POLITIC

OVERVIEW OF COMMUNISM

Communism is a political and economic ideology that positions itself in opposition to liberal democracy and capitalism, advocating instead for a classless system in which the means of production are owned communally and private property is nonexistent or severely curtailed.

Prominent examples of communism were the Soviet Union and China. While the former collapsed in 1991, the latter has drastically revised its economic system to include elements of capitalism. These examples of communism were radical as Mao and Lenin were both responsible for a substantle number of deaths:

Mao responsible for 40-80 million deaths
Lenin responsible for 1.3 million deaths
Stalin responsible for 20 million deaths

OVERVIEW OF FASCISM

Fascism is a far-right, authoritarian, ultranationalist political ideology and movement, characterized by a dictatorial leader, centralized autocracy, militarism, forcible suppression of opposition, belief in a natural social hierarchy, subordination of individual interests for the perceived good of the nation and race

fascist parties and movements differed significantly from one another, they had many characteristics in common, including extreme militaristic nationalism, contempt for electoral democracy and political and cultural liberalism, a belief in natural social hierarchy and the rule of elites, and the desire to create a Volksgemeinschaft (German: “people’s community”), in which individual interests would be subordinated to the good of the nation. Prominent examples of facist leaders were Adolf Hitler in Germany and Benito Mussolini in italy. These examples of facism were so radical that Hitler and Mussolini were both resonsible for a substantle number of deaths:

Hitler responsible for 11 million deaths
Mussolini responsible for 1 million deaths

OVERVIEW OF THE CONSERVATIVE PARTY

The Conservative Party (informally as the Tory Party) is the main right-wing political party in the United Kingdom. Their policies usually promote conservatism and in recent years libertarianism. They are the largest party in the House of Commons after the 2019 United Kingdom general election, with 365 out of a possible 650 seats.
The party has generally had liberal economic policies. that favours free market economics. The party is British unionist, opposing Irish reunification, Scottish and Welsh independence, and is generally critical of devolution.
After a leadership election in the Conservative Party in July, August and September 2022, Liz Truss became the leader of the party. She became Prime Minister on 6 September 2022 by default.
Truss announced her resignation as Prime Minister on 20 October 2022, after just 44 days in office. This is the shortest term in British political history.

Climate-
Care for the environment is core to conservatism. Tackling environmental problems is not in conflict with economic goals, but furthers them - through boosting efficiency, jobs, and private investment. By leading internationally on the environment, we will also enhance our global standing, further key foreign policy goals, and strengthen our national security.
The Conservative Environment Network has called on all leadership candidates to commit to continuing the Conservative Party’s leadership on the environment. We have asked candidates to commit to addressing the defining environmental challenges of our generation, by delivering our 2050 net zero goal, halting the decline in nature by 2030, and tackling air and river pollution.

Cost of living-
It will cut £350 from the majority of household's bills – £150 off council tax bills in April and £200 off energy bills in the Autumn.
The £9.1 billion policy also includes £144 million in fundings for councils to support more households as well as an increase in the Warm Homes Discount.

Education-
We’re increasing school funding by £14 billion, with those areas historically underfunded receiving the greatest increase.
Each secondary school pupil will receive a minimum of £5,000 next year, and each primary school pupil will receive £4,000 by 2021-22 meaning that every child has the resources they need for a good education.
There is also a funding boost of £400 million in education for 16-19-year olds, including further education and sixth form colleges, to give our young people the skills they need for well-paid jobs in the modern economy.

Military-

To exceed the NATO defence spending target of 2% of GDP and increase the budget by 0.5% above inflation each year of the new parliament.
To modernise military equipment and improve capability.
To invest in training.
To maintain the Trident nuclear deterrent.
To invest more in cybersecurity and establish a UK Space Command.
To invest in "ambitious global programmes", including building Type 31 frigates and new armoured vehicles.
To find "better ways" of dealing with legacy issues, including "better outcomes" for victims and survivors and to offer veterans "the protections they deserve".
To introduce legislation to tackle "vexatious" legal claims against personnel and veterans.
To acknowledge the contribution of those from "beyond these shores" to the British military.
To reduce National Insurance contributions for companies employing former service personnel.
To offer "wraparound childcare" for military families.
To introduce a veterans' railcard.
To offer guaranteed job interviews for veterans in public sector roles.

NHS-
We’re making sure the NHS has the resources it needs so that it can provide everyone with the best possible care. The NHS budget will go up by £33.9 billion by 2023-24. That’s the biggest cash boost in its history. And we’re making sure that money is already getting to the frontline with £6.2 billion more this year. There will be 40 new hospitals built and 20 hospitals being upgraded.

CONSERVATIVE PROPAGANDA

OVERVIEW OF THE LABOUR PARTY

The Labour Party is a political party in the United Kingdom that has been described as an alliance of social democrats, democratic socialists and trade unionists. The Labour Party sits on the centre-left of the political spectrum. In all general elections since 1922, Labour has been either the governing party or the Official Opposition. The party was founded in 1900, having grown out of the trade union movement and socialist parties of the 19th century.

Climate-
Share selection to: The Federal Opposition Labor party's much-anticipated climate policy promises lower electricity bills, better jobs and lower emissions. The headline figure is an emissions reduction target of 43 per cent below 2005 levels by 2030.

Cost of living-
Cut VAT on home energy bills. Save on energy bills now and in the longer term by insulating millions of homes. Cut small buisnesses rates and support buisnesses through the cost of living storm. Buy, make and sell more in britian to create well paid, secure jobs in every community.

Education-

Overhaul the existing childcare system in which subsidies are given directly to parents who often struggle to use them, and transition to a system of high-quality childcare places in mixed environments with direct government subsidy
Maintain current commitments on free hours and make significant capital investment during our first two years of government, to ensure that the places exist to meet demand
Phase in subsidised provision on top of free-hour entitlements, to ensure that everyone has access to affordable childcare, no matter their working pattern.
Transition to a qualified, graduate-led workforce, by increasing staff wages and enhancing training opportunities. This will benefit staff, who are among our worst-paid workers and improve child development
Extend the 30 free hours to all two-year-olds, and move towards making some childcare available for one-year-olds and extending maternity pay to 12 months

Military-

To increase funding for United Nations peacekeeping missions to £100 million.
To maintain a commitment to NATO and "close relationship" with European partners.
To support the renewal of Trident, but to lead efforts to create a "nuclear-free world".
To spend at least 2% of GDP on defence.
To scrap the public sector pay gap, which Labour says resulted in a "real-terms pay cut" for personnel.
To ensure "decent housing" for members of the military.
To guarantee "better access" to "good quality local schools" for forces children.
To consult on creating a "representative body" for the British military.
To provide veterans with access to "lifelong" training, housing, and mental and physical health services.
To seek greater consistency in the implementation of the Armed Forces Covenant.
To pay £50,000 to each surviving British nuclear test veteran.
To ensure Black and Asian soldiers who fought in British colonial forces receive an apology and compensation for "discriminatory" demob payments.
To ensure a "highly-skilled workforce and world-class apprenticeship programme".
To support British defence manufacturing, including keeping all Royal Navy and Royal Fleet Auxilliary shipbuilding contracts in the UK.
To review increasing the use of sustainable energy within defence, through the creation of a Climate Change Sustainability Committee.
To create a strategy to secure "safe and sustainable" recycling of old nuclear submarines.
To respect international law and avoid "needless military interventions".
To introduce a War Powers Act, to prevent a prime minister from committing to military action without parliament's consent.
To implement "every single recommendation" of the Chilcot Inquiry.
To provide targeted bursaries, including for former military personnel.

NHS-
Labour will invest in our NHS, to give patients the modern, well-resourced services they need for the 21st century. Labour will ensure that NHS patients get the world-class quality of care they need and that staff are able to deliver the standards that patients expect.
We will guarantee and uphold the standards of service to which patients are legally entitled under the NHS constitution.
We will guarantee that patients can be seen in A&E within four hours. By properly resourcing the NHS, Labour will stop the routine breach of safe levels of bed occupancy, and we will end mixed-sex wards. We will deliver the Cancer Strategy for England in full by 2020, helping 2.5 million people living with cancer. And, by properly resourcing ambulance services, we will end the scandal of slowing ambulance-response times.

LABOUR PROPAGANDA

the green party

The party's ideology combines environmentalism with left-wing economic policies, including well-funded and locally controlled public services. It advocates a steady-state economy with the regulation of capitalism, and supports proportional representation.

LIB DEMS

The party is primarily social liberal, supporting redistribution but sceptical of increasing the power of the state, emphasising the link between equality and liberty. The party supports investment and progressive taxation, but also promotes civil liberties and a less centralised economy.

UKIP (UNITED KINGDOM INDEPENDENT PARTY)

right-wing populist political party in the United Kingdom. The party reached its greatest level of success in the mid-2010s, when it gained two members of Parliament and was the largest party representing the UK in the European Parliament. centred on the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European Union. Capitalizing on an increase in anti-immigration sentiment (and general weariness with the governing Labour Party), UKIP candidates won 12 seats in the European Parliament in 2004, and it posted a respectable showing in local elections that year.

BNP (British national party)

The British National Party (BNP) is a far-right, British fascist political party in the United Kingdom. It is headquartered in Wigton, Cumbria, and is led by Adam Walker. A minor party, it has no elected representatives at any level of UK government. the legal system of political, economic and social separation of the races intended to maintain and extend political and economic control of South Africa by the White minority.